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#1π Science
Which genus of soil fungi is widely recognized for its critical role in organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling?
π‘ Explanation: Mortierella is a common and important genus of fungi known for its role as a saprophyte, breaking down organic matter and facilitating nutrient turnover in soil ecosystems.
Which characteristic defines quantum information systems?
π‘ Explanation: Quantum information systems are defined as systems that process, store, or transmit information leveraging quantum mechanical effects.
Which minor planet is known to possess a ring system?
π‘ Explanation: Chiron, a centaur (a type of minor planet), is known to have an evolving ring system, making it one of the few celestial bodies besides the gas giants to possess rings.
Which fundamental force is responsible for the attraction between objects with mass?
π‘ Explanation: Gravitational force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature and is responsible for the attraction between any two objects that have mass, such as planets, stars, and everyday objects.
What two elements make up the vast majority of the Sun’s mass?
π‘ Explanation: The Sun, like most stars, is primarily composed of about 74% hydrogen and 24% helium by mass. These two elements are the fuel for the nuclear fusion that powers the star.
What astronomical event can lead to the generation of a gamma-ray burst?
π‘ Explanation: The text explicitly states that a gamma-ray burst was generated by a black hole eating a star. This describes a known astrophysical mechanism for producing these bursts.
On the modern periodic table, elements are primarily arranged according to their:
π‘ Explanation: The modern periodic table organizes elements primarily by increasing atomic number, which represents the number of protons in an atom's nucleus. This arrangement accurately reflects the periodic trends in chemical properties.
What major geological theory explains the slow movement of Earth’s continents and the formation of significant surface features like mountain ranges and ocean trenches?
π‘ Explanation: Plate Tectonics is the scientific theory that describes the large-scale motion of Earth's lithosphere, which is divided into several major plates that slowly move over the mantle. This movement explains continental drift, earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of Earth's major geological features such as mountain ranges, ocean trenches, and rift valleys.
In a chemical reaction, the process where an atom or molecule gains one or more electrons is specifically known as:
π‘ Explanation: Reduction is the process in which an atom, ion, or molecule decreases its oxidation state by gaining electrons. This process is always paired with oxidation (loss of electrons) in what is known as a redox reaction.
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