An athlete’s positive test traces to an unknown contaminated supplement. Which anti-doping principle primarily governs the violation ruling?

💡 Explanation:

The World Anti-Doping Code (WADC) operates under the principle of Strict Liability. This means an athlete is solely responsible for any prohibited substance, or its metabolites or markers, found in their body specimen, regardless of whether the athlete intentionally or unintentionally used a prohibited substance, or was negligent or otherwise at fault. While 'No Fault or Negligence' (Option B) can be a factor in *reducing* a sanction, it does not prevent the establishment of an Anti-Doping Rule Violation (ADRV) in the first place, which is governed by Strict Liability.